Sains Malaysiana 53(10)(2024): 3511-3520
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5310-23
Enhancing Indoor Photovoltaic
Performance of Inverted Type Organic Solar Cell by Controlling Photoactive
Layer Solution Concentration
(Meningkatkan Prestasi Fotovoltaik Dalaman Sel Suria Organik Jenis Terbalik dengan Mengawal Kepekatan Larutan Lapisan Fotoaktif)
MOHAMED NAFEER WAJIDH1,
NOUR ATTALLAH ISSA1, KAM SHENG LAU1, SIN TEE TAN2,
CHIN HUA CHIA1, MUSLIZAINUN MUSTAPHA1,
MOHAMMAD HAFIZUDDIN HJ JUMALI1 & CHI CHIN YAP1,*
1Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and
Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor,
Malaysia
Diserahkan: 1 April 2024/Diterima: 27 Ogos 2024
Abstract
With the
development of various low-power indoor electronic devices, indoor
photovoltaics, particularly organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted a
lot of interest in recent years. Increasing the light absorption and
suppressing the leakage current are pivotal to improve the indoor photovoltaic performance of OSCs. In this study, the carbon quantum dots
(CQDs)-incorporated photoactive layer solution concentration was
varied to improve the photovoltaic performance under 1-sun and indoor white
LED illumination. The
photoactive layer was composed of (6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester)
(PCBM) as the acceptor and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the donor.
The ZnO electron transport layer was deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide
(FTO)-coated glass substrates using a spin coating technique. The photoactive
layers with different solution concentrations were spin coated on top of the ZnO layer. For device completion, silver anode was
thermally evaporated. It is interesting to find that the optimum solution
concentration obtained under white LED illumination is larger than that under
1-sun illumination. The maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.95% was obtained under 1-sun
illumination for device with the solution concentration of 36 mg/mL, whereas,
under white LED illumination, the highest PCE of 3.59% was obtained for the
device with solution concentration of 48 mg/mL.The discrepancy is ascribed to
the higher light absorption of thicker photoactive layer and less significant charge recombination
loss under weak light intensity. This study highlights the importance of using
different optimization strategies to improve the photovoltaic performance of
OSCs for outdoor and indoor applications.
Keywords: Carbon quantum dots; charge recombination;
leakage current; light absorption; thickness
Abstrak
Dengan pembangunan pelbagai
peranti elektronik dalaman berkuasa rendah, fotovoltaik dalaman, terutamanya sel suria organik (OSC) telah menarik
banyak perhatian sejak beberapa tahun kebelakangan ini. Peningkatan penyerapan cahaya dan pengurangan kebocoran arus adalah penting untuk
meningkatkan prestasi fotovoltaik dalaman OSC. Dalam kajian ini,
kepekatan larutan lapisan fotoaktif yang digabungkan titik kuantum karbon
(CQDs) telah diubah untuk meningkatkan prestasi fotovoltaik di bawah
pencahayaan 1-matahari dan LED putih dalaman. Lapisan fotoaktif terdiri
daripada (6,6)-fenil-C61 butrik
asid metal ester (PCBM)
sebagai penerima dan poli (3-heksilthiofena) (P3HT) sebagai penderma.
Lapisan pengangkut elektron ZnO dimendapkan pada substrat kaca
bersalut oksida timah terdop fluorin (FTO) menggunakan teknik salutan
putaran. Lapisan fotoaktif dengan kepekatan larutan yang berbeza disalut di
atas lapisan ZnO. Untuk menghasilkan peranti, anod perak disejat
secara terma. Adalah menarik untuk mendapati bahawa kepekatan larutan optimum
yang diperoleh di bawah pencahayaan LED putih adalah lebih besar daripada di
bawah pencahayaan 1-matahari. Kecekapan penukaran kuasa (PCE) maksimum 0.95% diperoleh di bawah pencahayaan
1-matahari untuk peranti dengan kepekatan larutan 36 mg/mL, manakala, di bawah
pencahayaan LED putih, PCE tertinggi sebanyak 3.59% diperoleh untuk peranti
dengan kepekatan larutan 48 mg/mL. Percanggahan itu adalah disebabkan oleh
penyerapan cahaya yang lebih tinggi bagi lapisan fotoaktif yang lebih tebal dan
kehilangan penggabungan semula cas yang kurang ketara di bawah keamatan cahaya
yang lemah. Kajian ini menonjolkan kepentingan menggunakan
strategi pengoptimuman yang berbeza untuk meningkatkan prestasi fotovoltaik OSC
untuk aplikasi luaran dan dalaman.
Kata kunci: Arus bocor; ketebalan; penggabungan semula
cas; penyerapan cahaya; titik kuantum karbon
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email:
ccyap@ukm.edu.my
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